The rapid growth of many East and Southeast Asian economies has been fueled primarily by exports to the United States and other economies outside the region, but the financial crises of 1997 and 2008 ushered in a broader concept of regional economic cooperation. Several moves toward economic integration led to two free-trade initiatives—the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) and the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP). After the US exit from the TPP, however, progress on both trade deals appears to have slowed down. Any long-term outlook for East and Southeast Asian economic integration will be greatly affected by the bilateral relationship between the United States and China. The rapid growth of many East and Southeast Asian economies has been fueled primarily by exports to the United States and other economies outside the region, but the financial crises of 1997 and 2008 ushered in a broader concept of regional economic cooperation. Several moves toward economic integration led to two free-trade initiatives—the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) and the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP). After the US exit from the TPP, however, progress on both trade deals appears to have slowed down. Any long-term outlook for East and Southeast Asian economic integration will be greatly affected by the bilateral relationship between the United States and China.